Paper
Navigating Barriers: Exploring environmental and structural obstacles experienced by blind and visually impaired (BVI) people when accessing public spaces in Gqeberha during COVID-19.
presenters
Nicay Courtlynn Sysaar
Nationality: South Africa
Residence: Eastern Cape
Rhodes University
Presence:Face to Face/ On Site
The environment encompasses all aspects of a person's external world, the physical world. Schneider (2006) contends that the environment has a definitive influence in creating disability, denoting that if the external environment that people who are Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI) interact with, changes, their experiences within these spheres will also change. Mohamed and Shefer (2015) affirm that normative ideals of ability/disability configure and shape the structure and architecture of the built environment. Many environmental factors facilitate and create barriers in the lives of blind and visually impaired individuals. BVI persons encounter inaccessibility through physical barriers and the built environment when accessing and navigating public spaces. Thus, this study explored how BVI persons managed the environmental and structural barriers when accessing and navigating public spaces pre-COVID-19, during the COVID-19 pandemic and “post-COVID-19”. The study was a qualitative ethnographic research. It was conducted in Gqeberha, South Africa and embedded within a non-governmental organisation (NGO). A heterogeneous purposive sampling method was used to recruit ten BVI individuals and four trainers. Data was generated through semi-structured interviews and participant observation and analysed thematically. The findings of this study have shown the exclusion of BVI individuals within physical spheres. The research participants articulate the visible barriers (i.e., lack of ramps, lack of APS systems, lack of integration of braille) they encounter within the built environment and how these barriers restrict them, as well as reduce their satisfaction with navigating independently. The pandemic further constructed a hostile spatial environment, disabling the standard sensorial modalities of BVI people, and exacerbating an already tricky spatial environment. These spatial barriers must be addressed through the broadest sense of access, significantly to eliminate social injustices faced by blind and visually impaired individuals, and more widely, people with disabilities, in every sphere.
Keywords:
Blind and visually impaired (BVI); COVID-19; navigation; public spaces; barriers