Humans have been coexisting with nature by utilizing its plants and animal resources since time immemorial for various purposes like medicine, food, agriculture, clothing etc. Traditional medicinal practices play a vital role not only in the health and well-being of indigenous communities but are also a source of livelihoods, a culture that is passed on through generations. In a country like India, which accounts for 7% of world’s biodiversity, nearly 7000 plant species are used for medicinal purposes. Moreover, having the second-highest concentration of tribal communities in the world of about 104.3 million, the need to understand the human-environmental interactions in forest-dependent indigenous communities is crucial. This study is being conducted in forest villages of the Dharamjaigarh Division of the Lemru elephant reserve of Chhattisgarh to explore the culture of traditional medicinal practice. The state of Chhattisgarh has more than 1000 species of medicinal plants species and is home to a large tribal population. In the undivided Madhya Pradesh, Hill Korwa, Birhor, Kamar, Baiga, Abhujmaria, and Bharia were the six particularly vulnerable tribes (PVTGs) tribes. The present state of Chhattisgarh is home to five of these tribal groups and accounts for 80% of what was in the undivided Madhya Pradesh. Indigenous communities define health, medical care and the etiology of disease in the social and cultural context. Traditional medicinal practices consist of treatment by use of herbs, animals and other substances which are usually available in nature, in line with culture, and affordable. The culture of these practices and the indigenous knowledge systems are slowly fading because of numerous factors that include the influence of modern medicine, and a shift in livelihood aspirations among the youths. In this study, we also aim to document and preserve these knowledge systems and further investigate the factors that threatens this cultural heritage.