This research explores the social and cultural conceptions of caregivers of people with intellectual disability in Vhembe District Municipality, South Africa. The concept of disability has evolved over the years, and it is defined as a state of decreased functioning associated with disease, disorder, injury, or other health conditions. Intellectual disability is a specific category of disability that affects approximately 1-2% of the global population. Despite its prevalence, intellectual disability remains understudied, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This research aims to understand caregivers' social and cultural conceptions of people with intellectual disability, including how cultural and social factors influence their attitudes towards individuals with intellectual disability. The study also explores the impact of caregivers' attitudes on the quality of life of people with intellectual disability and develops recommendations for managing people with intellectual disability. This research is motivated by the scarcity of knowledge on caregivers' perceptions and understanding of disability, as well as the potential to improve the lives of people with intellectual impairments and their caregivers. By understanding how caregivers view disability, this research can inform the development of culturally appropriate services and supports for people with intellectual disabilities, leading to improved quality of life and reduced stigma around intellectual disabilities. The study contributes to anthropology and global mental health, rapidly developing and coalescing. The research has the potential to improve the lives of people with intellectual impairments and their caregivers, leading to more positive attitudes and understanding of intellectual disabilities in society at large.