This paper deals with the processes of decolonization of museums, based on the case of the Museum of Ethnology and World Cultures of Barcelona (MUEC). Such museums are currently developing practices that address colonial legacies still rooted in contemporary societies. The museum of interest here is no exception, so we critically analyze the proposals that the MUEC has developed to respond to postcolonial criticism, both through its exhibitions and the intercultural work carried out with migrant audiences. The critical exhibitions of the colonial past, the academic seminars of reflection and reevaluation of the institution and a workshop of artistic creation focused on the Latin American migrant population constitute the focus of attention in this ethnographic research. While the institutional projects critically explore the colonial history of Catalonia and reflect on the social function of the museum, the migrant narratives question the ownership of the museum's collections and denounce the revision strategies as purely aesthetic initiatives. The MUEC is thus transformed into a node where colonial hierarchies are materialized and agglutinated, extractive economies are questioned, and the violence sustained by museums in general and ethnological museums in particular is denounced. The study reminds us of the position that these institutions hold as central spaces for the reelaboration and resignification of our postcolonial present, as well as their responsibility in the necessary configuration of other more egalitarian and just futures.