This paper critically examines India's reproductive policies within the framework of population control and women's reproductive rights. Despite initiating the National Programme for Family Planning in 1952, India, as one of the world's most populous nations, grapples with persistent population growth. Initially aimed at stabilizing the population in line with economic needs, the Five-Year Family Planning Program has often instrumentalized the female body for population control. India, a signatory to CEDAW, has fallen short in implementing its guidelines for women's reproductive health, notably in providing abortion rights on demand. Instead of promoting balanced families, coercive population control policies disproportionately affect women's rights, leading to a continued increase in population. In the era of artificial intelligence (AI), governmental policies, societal norms, and religious beliefs continue to impinge upon women's reproductive rights. While some advocate for governmental and familial control over women's bodies, feminist proponents argue for women's autonomy. A comparative analysis with China underscores the adverse effects of restrictive population control measures. This paper advocates for a rights-based approach in India's reproductive policies, emphasizing the importance of respecting and upholding women's reproductive autonomy.