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WORLD ANTHROPOLOGICAL UNION

CONGRESS 2024​

Paper

The Inti Raymi: (re)existence and resistance experience to envision new and non-essentialized identifications In Ecuadorian Andes

presenters

    Ana Elisa Astudillo Salazar

    Nationality: Ecuador

    Residence: Spain

    Ku Leuven

    Presence:Online

Keywords:

Inti Raymi, Alter-native imaginaries, (re)existence, heritage changes

Abstract:

The Inti Raymi was the Incas’ celebration during the winter solstice on June 21, corresponding to the agricultural harvest cycle. During the Spanish colonial period until the end of the 1980s, indigenous people celebrated the Inti Raymi anonymously. In the decades of the eighties and nineties, the indigenous movements placed identity as a cross-sectional concern in their struggles in the face of globalization; as an identity strategy, they strongly promoted the recovery of the Inti Raymi. Currently, several Andean populations celebrate their versions of the Inti Raymi. This presentation shared the ethnography-based research in Saraguro Canton in the Ecuadorian Andes conducted from 2019 to 2023. In particular, I will present how the Inti Raymi in the Kichwa Saraguro community of Chukidel is a (re)existence and resistance experience. This presentation argues that the coexistence of multiple cultural matrices, standpoints, and historical claims in the Andean context enables identification processes that articulate tensions and contradictions between the traditional, the modern, oneself, and the Other. In so doing, experiences such as the Inti Raymi, where the ancestral and modern meet, interpellate the dominance of Western-originated notions of heritage and explore how creative and non-traditional identification processes can subvert heritage by embracing the changes that come with other historical readings and non-categorical representations. The Inti Raymi experience illustrates the process of reinventing themselves and their heritage within and in-between identities, assuming or questioning the social order. Here, I reflect on how the Inti Raymi is a (re)existence experience, showing how the persistence of traditions comes with transformations and creative changes from unauthorized positions. This experience challenge neoliberal multiculturalism that produces stereotypical otherness. In contrast, young people in the Andes have built their identity by mixing cultural references, envisioning new non-essentialized identifications, and Other ways of being 'modern.'