Leukemia is the main cause of death from cancer in childhood and youth in Mexico. In a tertiary children's hospital from south country it is the main cause of hospital discharge, highlighting the high proportion of the indigenous population, but their survival is very low. A previous study carried out in this hospital analyzed the difficulties in the adherence of indigenous children who suffer from various types of cancer. This study that we present is the first that specifically analyzes the problems of those who suffer from leukemia and is also the first to be carried out in the country on this health problem among this population. Given the fact that COVID-19 pandemic prevented hospital ethnography, remote interviews were conducted by telephone with the caregivers of the children instead. The work had the approval of the hospital's Ethics Committee. The results were divided into two axes: 1) the problems that families face in timely diagnosis, 2) the problems they face in adherence to treatment. First and second level healers (traditional and allopathic) do not detect in a timely manner due to lack of training and lack of diagnostic resources (laboratories), and care they provide is sometimes perceived as negative. The distance from healthcare centers and the lack of resources to pay for travel, linguistic differences and the perception of leukemia and its treatment affect its continuity. Family, community and institutional support networks help to overcome some difficulties. However, the role of caregivers who resort to all types of strategies to support children in the face of a condition that is perceived as deadly, and exhausting is fundamental. The results suggest factors that could be influenced to improve children's survival.