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WORLD ANTHROPOLOGICAL UNION

CONGRESS 2024​

Paper

Addressing rangeland degradation by changing continuous grazing patterns: local viewpoints, challenges and prospects in Namibia’s communal areas.

presenters

    Diego A. Menestrey Schwieger

    Nationality: Colombian/German

    Residence: Namibia

    Department of Social & Cultural Anthropology, University of Cologne (Germany)

    Presence:Online

Rangeland degradation is one of the most critical issues of the Anthropocene, significantly affecting dryland pastoral systems and livelihoods in different parts of the world. Legacies of colonialism, population growth, local resource use dynamics, and climate change are key drivers of these environmental processes. Therefore, developing and implementing sustainable measures to prevent desertification, restore rangeland ecosystems, and enhance the resilience of pastoralists are urgent shared responsibilities. However, the perspective of local rangeland users and managers on the feasibility of specific rangeland management and restoration strategies is rarely considered. This oversight results in interventions with only limited positive and sustainable impacts. Against this backdrop, this paper adopts a social-anthropological approach to explore pastoralists' views on the most effective and viable methods to address rangeland degradation in their communities. The research is conducted in the Eastern Communal Areas of Namibia, specifically in the Okakarara Constituency. This region is predominantly inhabited by OvaHerero pastoralists who are facing the loss of vital perennial grazing grasses, bush encroachment, and an increase in barren land. The study focuses on investigating the potential for changing continuous grazing patterns to practices that include rest periods at the village level through the implementation of a split grazing approach. If this grazing system is adopted, there may be an opportunity to reintroduce lost grasses by reseeding during the rest periods. The study presents the views of local pastoralists on the socio-economic and organizational requirements and challenges that need to be addressed to successfully introduce and maintain these measures in a post-colonial social-ecological context. On this basis, more targeted interventions and collaborations between pastoralists, government, and NGO initiatives can be developed and implemented in the future.

Keywords:

Rangeland degradation, restoration, OvaHerero pastoralists, sustainable rangeland management.