In the wake of globalization and rapid societal transformations, traditional knowledge systems of medicine, particularly those practiced by tribal communities, face challenges of acceptance and integration into modern healthcare frameworks. This research delves into the intricate interplay of perception, culture, and psychology in shaping attitudes toward traditional medicine in a changing world. Drawing on anthropological insights, it examines the historical legacies of colonialism, cultural biases, and power dynamics that have contributed to the marginalization of traditional healing practices. Through a psychological lens, the research explores the cognitive processes underlying belief systems and the influence of socio-cultural factors on health-seeking behaviors. The discussion recognizes traditional medicine as a valuable repository of cultural heritage and holistic healing practices, offering alternative perspectives on health and well-being. By engaging with indigenous communities and incorporating their knowledge systems into mainstream healthcare discourse, this research advocates for a paradigm shift towards more inclusive, culturally sensitive, approaches in healthcare delivery. Case studies from India and globally illustrate innovative initiatives and community-driven efforts to bridge the gap between traditional medicine and modern medical systems. We have exposed research in various tribal communities to a variety of healing practices, including ethnomedicinal plant remedies, faith healing, and modern medicine treatments. Our observations of various tribal communities reveal significant gaps between their traditional medicine practices and their attitudes toward modern medicine. Despite access to modern medical facilities, many community members prefer ethnomedicinal plant remedies and faith-based healing, reflecting deep-rooted cultural beliefs. Furthermore, the research identifies key strategies for fostering positive perceptions of traditional medicine, including community empowerment, education, and policy reforms. By promoting dialogue, collaboration, and mutual respect between tribal healers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, this research envisions a future where traditional medicine is recognized, valued, and integrated into public health systems, contributing to greater health equity and cultural diversity.